TRANSFORMING ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN SMART SUBSTATIONS: AN INDEPTH STUDY

Abstract

The substation power supply system is a crucial source of power for critical infrastructure, ensuring the continuous operation of essential equipment such as control systems, relay protection, communication devices, and fire safety systems. Among these, batteries play a pivotal role in providing backup power when external AC sources fail, safeguarding substation monitoring, security, and fire protection. Recent advancements in Internet and automation technology have ushered in the era of digital and intelligent equipment within substations, significantly enhancing power management reliability. Traditional substation power systems, comprising distinct DC, AC, UPS, and communication subsystems, suffer from fragmentation in design, installation, and maintenance. This conventional approach falls short in meeting the demands of the smart grid era. Smart substations unify the design, installation, and configuration of various subsystems, streamlining monitoring and control. The integration of DC converters directly into the DC bus, without the need for communication battery packs and complex devices, yields more reliable and efficient power supplies. These advancements not only enhance reliability but also reduce human resource input, paving the way for modern automation design.