ENERGY DEMAND AND EMISSION TRENDS IN AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Fossil fuel energy consumption in the agriculture sector related to the use of machinery has created severe climate change issues, adding significantly to CO2 emissions, economic growth, and food production. The current research has reviewed the most carbon-emitting agriculture factors based on the roadmap under the prediction of technological maturity, Carbon Emissions in Conventional Agriculture, and Fuel Consumption in Agricultural Production. The study objective is to provide a roadmap for decarbonizing the food supply chain and its current framework toward food policy. The different machines and frameworks applied in agricultural farming can mitigate the CO2 emissions of the agriculture sector if renewable energy technologies (RETs) and renewable energy sources are organized with proper agrarian loads. This manuscript highlights potential CO2 reduction resolutions connected to fuel combustion in agricultural production when operating farm machinery and taking into account the whole agricultural mechanization process. This manuscript is neither soliciting for softer actions for agriculture nor does it pretend to recommend the best pathway. As an alternative, it appeals to energetically recommend the use of all available options within the production process and with thoughtfulness of the specific conditions and capabilities of each farmer and of the sector to attain the highest conceivable reduction